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フィールド日記

シダ植物

2025.04.04

ワラビ

 ススキ野原でワラビが出てきています。山菜として知られるシダ植物で、春になると地下にある茎から葉が伸びてきます。山菜としては写真のような開く前の葉を利用します。



"Warabi (ワラビ)" plants are beginning to sprout in the Japanese pampas grass field. They are a fern known as an edible plant. In spring, they extend their leaves from underground stems. As a mountain vegetable, we typically harvest and use the young and unopened leaves like those in the photo.

2025.03.18

ミツデウラボシ

 聖心坂の斜面でミツデウラボシが見られます。明るい斜面や石垣に群生する常緑のシダ植物です。和名は、葉が3裂することに由来しますが、生育状態によって葉は単葉~3裂まで変化に富むようです。

"Mitsude-Uraboshi (ミツデウラボシ)" fern plants are found on the slope on the edge of the "Seishin Zaka." They are the evergreen fern plants that grow on sunny slopes and stone walls. Their Japanese name comes from the fact that their leaves are typically divided into three lobes. However, their leaves can vary greatly- from single to three-lobed- depending on their growing conditions.

2025.03.14

ホシダ

 ヒノキ林の林縁にホシダが見られます。明るい林縁や道端などによく見られる常緑のシダ植物です。よく似た仲間が多いですが、葉の裏面の葉脈が見分けるときのポイントになります。和名は穂シダの意味で、葉の先端が穂状に長く伸びる様子に由来します。



"Hoshida (ホシダ)" fern plants are found on the edge of the Japanese cypress woodland. They are the evergreen fern plants that commonly grow in sunny areas along forest edges and roadsides. There are many relative species of the "Hoshida" ferm, but you can distinguish this one by examining the leaf veins on the back of their leaves. The name comes from the fact that the tips of their leaves grow long, resembling a spike.

2025.03.07

ヘラシダ

 ヒノキ林でヘラシダが見られます。樹林内の湿った崖などに見られる常緑のシダ植物です。葉の裏面には線形の胞子のう群が見られます。葉は切れ込みのない単葉で、和名はこの葉の形をへらに見立てたことに由来します。

"Herashida (ヘラシダ)" plants are found in the Japanese cypress woodland. They are the evergreen fern plants that grow on the moist cliffs in forests. Their linear-shaped sori are on the back of their leaves. Their leaves are undivided and simple. The name comes from the fact that their leaves look like a spatula.

2025.02.28

マメヅタ

 桜の樹皮上でマメヅタが見られます。シダらしくない丸い葉が特徴の常緑のシダ植物です。胞子をつける葉(胞子葉)は普通の葉(栄養葉)と異なり、細長い形をしています。胞子のう群は反り返った胞子葉の裏面全体に広がっています。

"Mamezuta (マメヅタ)" plants can be found on the cherry blossom tree. They are evergreen fern plants with rounded leaves that don't resemble typical ferns. The leaves that produce spores, known as "fertile fronds", differ from those that don't, called sterile fronds, as the former are long and narrow. The sori covers the back of the fertile fronds.

2025.02.14

オオバノイノモトソウ

 ヒノキ林にオオバノイノモトソウが見られます。日の当たる石垣から樹林内まで広く分布するシダ植物です。胞子のう群は羽片の縁につきます。和名は近縁種のイノモトソウに比べて大型なことに由来します。

"Oobano-Inomotosou (オオバノイノモトソウ)" fern plants are found in the Japanese cypress woodland. They grow widely, from sunlit stone walls to forests. They bear their sori along the edges of their pinnae. The name comes from the fact that they are larger than the relative species called "Inomotosou (イノモトソウ)".

2025.02.11

コシダ

 ヒノキ林でコシダが見られます。日当たりのよい崖地や林床などに生えるシダ植物です。葉は数回二叉に分枝しながら成長していきます。和名は小シダの意味で、同じ科のウラジロに比べて小さいことに由来するようです。

"Koshida (コシダ)" fern plants are found in the Japanese cypress woodland. They grow on sunny cliffs and forest floors. The leaves repeatedly branch in two ways. The name itself means a small fern plant, which comes from the fact that they are smaller than "Urajiro (ウラジロ)," another fern plant belonging to the same family.

2025.02.07

イノデ

 ヒノキ林でイノデが見られます。全長1m以上にもなる大型のシダ植物です。イノデは近縁種が多く、また雑種もつくりやすいため、同定が難しい仲間です。葉柄にある鱗片や胞子のう群のつく位置などが見分けるポイントになります。





"Inode (イノデ)" fern plants are found in the Japanese cypress woodland. They are the large fern plants that grow up to 1m long. The plants in the Inode group are difficult to be identified because they have many closely related species and their hybrids are easily produced. The keys for identification are the scales on their leaf stalk and the area that their sori are located on.

2025.01.31

オオキジノオ

 ヒノキ林の林縁でオオキジノオが見られます。暖地の林内に生えるシダ植物です。近縁のキジノオシダとよく似ていますが、やや大型になり、栄養葉の羽片に柄があることで区別できます。



"Oo-Kijinoo (オオキジノオ)" fern plants are found on the edge of the Japanese cypress woodland. They are a fern plant that grows in the forests in warm climates. They look like the relative species called "Kijinoo-Shida", but they grow larger and their pinnae of sterile fronds have stalks.

2025.01.28

キジノオシダ

 ヒノキ林の林縁でキジノオシダが見られます。暖地の林内に生えるシダ植物です。胞子をつける葉(胞子葉)とつけない葉(栄養葉)で形が異なっており、写真は栄養葉です。和名は、葉の形をキジの尾羽に見立てたものです。

"Kijinoo-Shida (キジノオシダ)" fern plants are found on the edge of the Japanese cypress woodland. They are a fern plant that grows in the forests in warm climates. There are two types of leaves in shape. One that bears spores, which are called fertile fronds, and the others that don't bear spores, which are called sterile fronds. The one in the photo is a sterile frond. The name comes from the shape of its fronds, which resemble a pheasant’s tail feathers.